Breakneck – China’s Quest to Engineer the Future

“Breakneck – China’s Quest to Engineer the Future,” released in August, is a pivotal book that serves as a wake-up call for national leaders, citizens, and investors globally. Authored by Dan Wang, who was born in China in 1992 and migrated to Ottawa, Canada at the age of seven, the book draws on his unique experiences. Wang’s journey has taken him from Philadelphia to Columbia University, and back to China, where he worked as a technology analyst for Gavekal Dragonomics from 2017 to 2023. He has also served as a fellow at Yale Law School’s Paul Tsai China Center and is currently a fellow at the Hoover Institute History Lab at Stanford.

The Central Thesis

The core thesis of “Breakneck” is articulated on page two: "China is an engineering state, which can’t stop itself from building, facing off against America’s lawyerly society, which blocks everything it can." This compelling framework provides a lens through which to examine the increasingly contentious relationship between China and the United States. Wang’s perspective invites readers to consider how differing societal values shape national capabilities and global influence.

Engineering as a Cornerstone of Progress

Engineering is not just a skill; it is a critical driver of progress. The Seven Wonders of the World stand as testaments to human ingenuity and engineering prowess. In the early 20th century, America’s engineering feats—such as the Panama Canal, the Empire State Building, and the Hoover Dam—set the stage for its emergence as a global leader. These monumental projects illustrate the undeniable link between engineering achievements and national prominence.

However, Wang argues that America’s shift towards a lawyerly society has fostered bureaucracy and red tape, stifling innovation and large-scale engineering projects. A prime example is the Keystone Pipeline, which has faced decades of bureaucratic hurdles, resulting in significant investments with minimal outcomes. In stark contrast, during the same period, China has rapidly constructed new cities, ports, dams, and high-speed rail networks, showcasing its engineering capabilities.

The Belt and Road Initiative

China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) exemplifies its ambition to expand influence and expertise across the Eastern Hemisphere. As China has become a leader in manufacturing and infrastructure development, the BRI serves as a strategic tool for enhancing its global presence. This initiative not only showcases China’s engineering prowess but also highlights its ability to mobilize resources and execute large-scale projects efficiently.

The Dark Side of Authoritarianism

While Wang celebrates China’s engineering achievements, he does not shy away from critiquing the authoritarian nature of its government. He highlights the darker aspects of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), particularly the One Child Policy, which has led to a looming demographic crisis. This policy, while aimed at controlling population growth, has resulted in significant social and economic challenges that could threaten China’s future stability.

Comparative Insights

“Breakneck” serves as a valuable companion to Patrick McGee’s “Apple In China,” published earlier this year. Both authors provide firsthand accounts of life within China’s authoritarian regime, revealing an economy that is far more sophisticated and adaptable than many Americans realize. Their insights are both sobering and alarming, painting a picture of a nation that is rapidly advancing while grappling with internal contradictions.

Cognitive Dissonance in Global Institutions

Interestingly, institutions like the UN, World Bank, and even Wikipedia still classify China as a ‘developing economy.’ This classification stands in stark contrast to China’s leadership in manufacturing, infrastructure, and energy production—key components in the race for AI dominance. This disconnect raises questions about the accuracy and relevance of traditional economic classifications in a rapidly changing global landscape.

The Importance of Awareness

Reading both “Breakneck” and “Apple In China” is essential for anyone interested in understanding the complexities of modern China. The insights provided by Wang and McGee are crucial for grasping the implications of China’s engineering ambitions and its impact on global dynamics. As the world navigates an increasingly interconnected future, the stakes have never been higher.